phenomenology - (1) subjective or phenomenal experience (2) a systematic study of consciousness from a first-person perspective originated by Husserl. See phenomenological critique of representationalism
The term 'phenomenology' is often used in a general sense to refer to subjective experiences of various types. In a more specialized sense it refers to a disciplined study of consciousness from a 1st-person perspective. As a discipline it is often associated with the German philosopher Edmund Husserl (1859-1938) and numerous European philosophers influenced by him, including Martin Heidegger, Jean-Paul Sartre, and Maurice Merleau-Ponty.
In the philosophy of mind there exists continuing debate about the validity and usefulness of this approach to the study of consciousness.
Classic sources
E. Husserl. 1913. Ideen au einer reinen Phänomenologie und phänomenologischen Philosophie (Ideas Pertaining to a Pure Phenomenology and to Phenomenological Philosophy, First Book, trans. F. Kersten. The Hague: Nijhoff,1982).
E. Husserl. 1927. "Phenomenology" in Encyclopaedia Britannica, 14th ed. Vol 17: 699-702.
M. Heidegger. 1927. Sein und Zeit , (Being and Time, trans. Joan Stambaugh. Albany: SUNY Press, 1996).
M. Merleau-Ponty. 1945. Phénoménologie de la perception (Phenomenology of Perception , trans. Colin Smith. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1962).
Recent discussions in the context of Philosophy of Mind
H. L. Dreyfus (ed). 1982. Husserl: Intentionality, and Cognitive Science. Cambridge: MIT Press.
E. Marbach. 1993). Mental Representation and Consciousness : Towards a Phenomenological Theory of Representation and Reference. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic.
F. J. Varela. 1996. "Neurophenomenology: A methodological remedy for the hard problem" Journal of Consciousness Studies 3 (4): 330-349.
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